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Aikido Glossary
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Pronunciation
Guide |
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In Japanese,
consonants are pronounced as in English but the vowels are slightly different, and are not
usually silent when single.
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| A |
As In
"Father" |
| E |
As In
"Met" |
| I |
As In
"Marine" |
| O |
As In
"Solo" |
| U |
As In
"Rule" |
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For
Example:
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| Ueshiba |
Weh-she-bah |
| Budo |
Boo-Doh |
| Aikido |
I-kee-doh |
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Some vowels
are long, these are usually represented with macrons ('a') or doubled ('aa'). Long vowels
are not indicated in the glossary. An 'n' is pronounced 'm' before 'm', 'p' and 'b'.
The pronunciation of 'hi' is sometimes close to 'shi'.
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Alphabetical Listing of Aikido Terms |
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- A - |
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| Agatsu |
Victory over
your egoism |
| Ai |
Harmony |
| Ai Hanmi |
Same stance |
| Aiki Nage |
Kind of
breath throw |
| Arigato
Gozaimashita |
Thank you
very much |
| Ashi |
Leg, foot |
| Ashi Kiriage |
Cut the foot
up |
| Ashikubi |
Ankle |
| Atemi (Ate) |
Strike |
| Awase |
Matching |
| Aya |
Cross |
| Ayagyakutemochi |
Cross wrist
reverse grasp |
| Ayajunmochi |
Cross wrist
straight grasp |
| Ayamochi |
Cross wrist
grasp |
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Return to Top
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- B - |
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| Bango Hajime |
Begin
counting |
| Bokken |
Wooden sword |
| Bokken Motoe |
Put back the
bokken |
| Bokken Yoi |
Take the
bokken |
| Bukiwaza |
Weapon
techniques |
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Return to Top
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- C - |
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| Choyaku
(Undo) |
Jumping in
place |
| Chudan
(Seigan) |
Basic sword
stance |
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Return to Top
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- D - |
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| Dai |
Order,
number |
| Do |
Way |
| Dogi |
Training
uniform |
| Do giri |
Horizontal
body cut |
| Dohai |
Equal |
| Dojo |
Place of
practice, study, or enlightenment |
| Dosa |
Movement |
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Return to Top
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- E - |
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| Eri |
Collar |
| Erimochi |
Collar grasp |
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Return to Top
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- F - |
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| Fukkin Undo |
Leg lift
exercise |
| Fukuso
Totonoete |
Fix your
uniform |
| Fumikomi |
Cross step |
| Fumikomi
Kotai |
Cross step
back |
| Fumikomi
Taihenko Ichi |
Cross step
in body change |
| Fumikomi
Uketome |
Cross step
block |
| Fumikomi
Yoke |
Cross step
evasion |
| Futari |
Two persons |
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Return to Top
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- G - |
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| Gaeshi |
Reversal or
change (direction) |
| Gaiwan Uchi
Yoke |
Arm bent
down block |
| Ganmen |
Face |
| Ganmenzuki |
Face thrust |
| Gedan |
Basic Stance
with weapon low |
| Giri |
Cut |
| Go |
Hard |
| Gyaku |
Reverse |
| Gyaku Hanmi |
Shiye/Uke in
mirror image stance |
| Gyaku
Mawashi |
Circles in
opposite direction |
| Gyakutemochi |
Reverse
grasp |
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Return to Top
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- H - |
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| Hajime |
Begin |
| Hakama |
A divided
skirt |
| Hanmi
Handachi |
Shite
sitting and uke standing |
| Happo Giri |
Eight
direction cut |
| Hashirikomi |
Running
steps |
| Hasshu Giri |
Eight
different cuts |
| Hasso |
A basic
stance with weapon held vertical at shoulder |
| Hidari |
Left |
| Hiji |
Elbow |
| Hijiate Nage |
Hitting
elbow throw |
| Hijigiri |
Elbow cut |
| Hijimochi |
Elbow grasp |
| Hijishime |
Elbow lock |
| Hijiosae |
Elbow
control |
| Hikiashi |
Step back |
| Hikiotoshi
Nage |
Pulling down
throw |
| Hirakimi |
Open stance |
| Hiriki |
Elbow |
| Hiriki No
Yosei Ichi |
Elbow power
#1 |
| Hiriki No
Yosei Ni |
Elbow power
#2 |
| Hitoemi |
Side facing
stance with shoulders and feet in line |
| Hiyaku |
Jump |
| Hiyaku Ukemi |
Jumping
forward breakfall |
| Hiza |
Knee |
| Hiza Giri |
Knee cut |
| Hojodosa |
Supplementary
movement |
| Hyaku Hachi
Ju Do Kaiten |
180 Degree
Pivot |
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Return to Top
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- I - |
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| Ichi Ni
Tsuite |
Everyone to
their place |
| Ika |
Less than |
| Ikkajo |
First
control |
| Ikkyu Yoke
(Fumikomi Yoke) |
First kyu
evasion |
| Irimi |
Step in |
| Irimi Nage |
Step in
throw |
| Irimi Zuki |
Step in
thrust |
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Return to Top
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- J - |
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| Jiyu waza |
Freestyle
Technique |
| Jo |
A wooden
stick |
| Jodan |
A basic
stance with weapon held high |
| Ju |
Flexible |
| Judogi |
Practice
uniform |
| Juji Kumi |
Crossing
(overlap) |
| Juji Nage |
Arm cross
throw |
| Juji Yoke |
Arm cross
block |
| Junbi Undo |
Warm up
exercises |
| Junmochi |
Straight
grasp |
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Return to Top
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- K - |
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| Kaiten |
Rotary |
| Kaiten Nage |
Rotary throw |
| Kaiten Yoke |
180 degree,
body change escape |
| Kakari Geiko |
Continuous
round training |
| Kakuji
Hajime |
Begin
(doing) yourself |
| Kancho |
Head of
House |
| Kankyu |
slow - fast |
| Kanren Waza |
Applied
technique |
| Kamae |
Basic stance |
| Katahizatsuki |
One knee
down |
| Katakotai |
Put on
shoulder |
| Katamochi |
Shoulder
grasp |
| Kataoshi |
Shoulder
push |
| Katate
Ayamochi |
Cross wrist
grab |
| Katate
Ayajunmochi |
Cross wrist
straight grab |
| Katatemochi |
One wrist
grasp |
| Keiko Shuryo |
Class
dismissed |
| Ken |
Sword |
| Kenshu |
A period of
more intensive training |
| Kenshusei |
A kenshu
student |
| Kessa Giri |
Diagonal
body cut (up or down) |
| Ki |
Spirit;
force; energy |
| Kiai |
A cry
concentrating Ki; (opp. aiki) |
| Kihon |
Basic |
| Kihondosa |
Basic
movement |
| Kihonwaza |
Basic
technique |
| Kin Chaku
Shibori |
To squeeze
out a towel (the sword on cutting) |
| Kirikaeshi |
Block side
with bokken |
| Kirioroshi |
Cut down |
| Kiriwake |
Hands
guiding - one palm up, one down |
| Kohai |
Junior |
| Koho |
Backward |
| Koho Kaiten
Ukemi |
Backward
roll |
| Koho Ukemi
Ichi |
Back
breakfall #1 |
| Koho Ukemi
Ni |
Back
breakfall #2 |
| Kokyu |
Breath |
| Kokyu Ho |
Breath
method |
| Kokyu Nage |
Breath throw |
| Koshi Nage |
Hip throw |
| Kotai |
Retreat,
change |
| Kote |
Wrist |
| Kotegaeshi |
Reverse hand
throw |
| Kubi |
Neck |
| Kubi Ate |
Neck strike |
| Kumitachi |
Sword forms
with partner |
| Kuzure |
Broken or
sliding |
| Kuzushi |
Advanced; an
advanced movement |
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Return to Top
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- M - |
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| Ma-ai |
Appropriate
distance |
| Maki Otoshi |
To push the
opponents sword away in a circular thrust |
| Masakatsu |
True victory |
| Meimoku |
Close your
eyes; empty your mind |
| Metsuke |
Watching |
| Migi |
Right |
| Misogi |
Purification
of mind and body |
| Mochi |
Grasp |
| Mokuso |
Close your
eyes: concentrate |
| Mukai Atte,
Kamae |
Face each
other, basic stance |
| Mukai Atte,
Seiza |
Face each
other, kneel |
| Mune |
Chest |
| Munemochi |
Chest grasp |
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Return to Top
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- N - |
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| Nage |
Throw |
| Naore |
Back from
kamae |
| Nido |
Two times |
| Nido Mawari |
Two times
pivot |
| Nido Zuke |
Two times
thrust |
| Nikajo |
Second
control |
| Nikyu Yoke
(Kaiten Yoke) |
Second kyu
evasion (shuffle 180 degree pivot) |
| Nishu
Hanpuku |
Two kinds -
repeat |
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Return to Top
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- O - |
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| Omote |
Front |
| Onajiku |
Same |
| Onegaishimasu |
Please |
| Osae |
Control |
| Otagaini Rei |
Bow to each
other |
| Oyo |
Advanced,
variation |
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Return to Top
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- R - |
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| Rei |
Bow |
| Renshu |
Practice |
| Renzoku |
Continuation |
| Ri-Ai |
Principle,
mechanism |
| Ryo |
Both |
| Ryohijimochi |
Both elbows
grasp |
| Ryohizatsuki |
Both knees
down |
| Ryote Hiraki |
Both arms
open |
| Ryotemochi |
Both hands
grasp |
| Ryu |
Flow, style |
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Return to Top
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- S - |
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| Sabaki |
Body
movement |
| Sankajo |
Third
control |
| Sankaku |
Triangle |
| Sankaku Yoke |
Triangle
block |
| Sankaku Uchi
Yoke |
Cutting
triangle block |
| Sankaku Soto
Yoke |
Outside
triangle block |
| Seiretsu |
Line up |
| Seiza |
Kneel
(sitting on your heels) |
| Seiza
Chumoku |
Kneel and
attention |
| Sempai |
Senior |
| Sempai Ni
Rei |
Bow to the
senior |
| Senaka |
Back |
| Senaka Giri |
Back cut |
| Sensei |
Master;
teacher |
| Sensei Ni
Rei |
Bow to the
Sensei |
| Seoi |
Over the
shoulder |
| Seoshi Undo |
Back to back
exercise |
| Shiho Nage |
All
direction throw |
| Shiho Nage
Sabaki |
All
direction type of control |
| Shikko |
Knee walking |
| Shime |
Lock |
| Shin Ko Kyo |
Breathing
exercise |
| Shin Kon |
Centering |
| Shisei O
Tadashite |
Stand up
straight |
| Shita |
Under |
| Shite |
Performer of
Technique |
| Shite Uke
Kotai |
Shite uke
change |
| Shitei Waza |
One previous
technique |
| Shitoemi |
(See
Hitoemi) |
| Shitsumon |
Question |
| Shomen |
Front |
| Shomen Ni
Rei |
Bow to the
front |
| Shomenuchi |
Front strike |
| Shugyo |
Everyone
together (in a group) |
| Shumatsu
Dosa Ichi |
After class
exercise #1 |
| Shumatsu
Dosa Ni |
After class
exercise #2 |
| Shuto |
Cut with
edge of arm |
| Sodemochi
Hyaku Ukemi |
Sleeve grasp
jumping breakfall |
| Soke |
Founder |
| Sokumen
Irimi Nage |
Slide step
in throw |
| Sotai Dosa |
Movement
with partner |
| Soto Yoke |
Outside
block |
| Suigetsu |
Body (middle
chest) |
| Suigetsu
Zuki |
Body thrust |
| Suriage |
From under
(raise up) |
| Suriashi |
Slide |
| Suwari |
Sitting |
| Suwari Komi |
Suddenly
drop to kneeling position |
| Suwari Waza |
Kneeling
techniques |
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Return to Top
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- T - |
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| Tachi |
Weapons |
| Taihenko |
Body change |
| Taihenko Ni
(Kyu Ju Do Go kaiten) |
95 degree
pivot |
| Taihiraki |
Body open |
| Taitenkan |
Hands
overhead body change |
| Tandoku |
Solo |
| Tanto |
Knife |
| Tatami |
Straw mat |
| Tegatana |
Hand sword |
| Tegatana Ate |
Chop to face |
| Tegatana
Kirioroshi |
Chop with
cut down |
| Tegatana
Kubiate |
Chop to hit
neck |
| Tegatana
Michibiki |
Lead/guide
with hand |
| Tegatana
Sabaki |
Knife hand
control |
| Tegatana
Yoke |
Knife hand
block |
| Te Kiriwake |
Hands move
in opposite direction |
| Tekubi |
Wrist |
| Tekubi
Mawashi |
Wrist
circles |
| Tekubi Mochi |
Wrist grasp |
| Tenchi Nage |
Heaven and
earth throw |
| Tenkai |
Pivot |
| Tenkan |
Body change |
| Tenkan Nage |
Body change
throw |
| Tenoko Mochi |
Grab back
side of hand |
| Tenoshita
Kuguri |
Duck under
the arm |
| Tenouchi
Kiriage |
Cut up
inside the wrist |
| Tobikoshi |
Jump and go
over |
| Tori Fune
Undo |
Rowing
exercise |
| Toshu |
Bare hands |
| Toshuwaza |
Technique
without weapons |
| Tsugiashi |
Shuffle |
| Tsugiashi
Taihenko |
Shuffle in,
body change |
| Tsuki (or
zuki) |
Thrust |
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- U - |
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| Uchi |
Strike |
| Uchi Yoke |
Inside block |
| Ude |
Arm |
| Udegarami |
Arm lock |
| Ude Osae |
Arm control |
| Ue |
High |
| Uke |
Follower of
thr technique; attacker |
| Uke Nagashi |
A pivot
block letting uke flow |
| Uke Tome |
Block/stop
straight |
| Ukemi |
Breakfall |
| Ukemi Uchite
Renshu |
Mat hitting
exercise |
| Unaji |
Nape of the
neck |
| Undo |
Exercise |
| Ura |
Back |
| Ushiro |
Back, behind |
| Ushiro Nage |
Back throw |
| Ushiro Waza |
Behind
technique |
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Return to Top
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- W - |
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Return to Top
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- Y - |
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| Yame |
Stop, finish |
| Yoke |
Protection
(evasion) |
| Yokomenuchi |
Side strike |
| Yonkajo |
Fourth
control |
| Yubi |
Finger |
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Return to Top
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- Z - |
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| Zanshin |
Remaining
attentive, balance |
| Zenpo Kaiten
Ukemi |
Forward
breakfall |
| Zujo Mawashi |
Turn above
the head |
| Zuki (or
Tsuki) |
Thrust |
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Return to Top |
